Two-dimensional materials—such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides—offer a remarkably rich and versatile platform for exploring novel quantum phases. Simply stacking different 2D layers can give rise to entirely new phenomena.

Moiré materials, formed by stacking two 2D crystals with a relative twist angle or lattice mismatch, introduce an unprecedented degree of tunability. The long-wavelength moiré superlattice enables in-situ control of the electron density over a broad range—exceeding one electron per moiré unit cell—effectively allowing tuning of the material's electronic properties, akin to changing its chemical composition.

Unlike conventional materials, which are typically restricted to integer electron fillings per unit cell, moiré systems allow access to fractional electron densities—such as 1/3, 2/5, and beyond—providing a unique pathway to realize exotic correlated phases, including fractional Chern insulators.

The nano superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) is fabricated on the apex of a sharp tip, forming a unique scanning probe capable of imaging magnetic fields and temperature distributions at the nanoscale. Together with quantum magneto-transport measurements, it serves as a central tool in the Uri Lab’s research.

Sensitive to both spin physics and orbital magnetization—deeply connected to Berry curvature and Chern physics—the SQUID-on-tip is uniquely positioned to reveal the fundamental mechanisms underlying quantum topological matter.

Resolution: 50 nm

Magnetic sensitivity: < 0.5 nT/√Hz

Spin sensitivity: < 0.3 μB/√Hz

Thermal sensitivity: < 1 μK/√Hz

Scan height: 10 nm

Temperature range: 10 mK to 7 K

Magnetic field range: 0 to 5 T

Simultaneous electrical transport measurements

Capable of imaging through encapsulation layers and metal top gates